In the US as of 2022, the estimated cost of a single needlestick injury (NSI) is $4,352 on average. These costs, however, do not account for long-term treatment costs associated with illness contracted from the injury or litigation and compensation costs. According to the American Hospital Association, one case of serious infection by blood borne pathogens can cost US $1 million or more in expenditures for testing, followup tests, lost time and disability payments.